From the empirical making of Alentejo vaults to the generative geometry of the Arco da Rua Augusta vault

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a methodology for documentation and geometrical analysis of vaults that relies on laser scanning, geometric analysis, three-dimensional modelling, and 3D printing. The methodology was applied to the study of three types of vaults, two of them in brick and the other, the main vault of the Arco da Rua Augusta, in stone stereotomy. Starting from a planimetric layout a geometric analysis is carried out to infer the generative geometries. This is done by exploring the point cloud data and other related outputs, like drawings or meshes. A return to three-dimensionality was achieved through digital modelling and 3D printing. Returning to physicality allows a different type of interaction where some aspects of constructive systems, like assembly hypothesis, can be tested. The proposed methodology paves the way to recognize heritage significance from direct documentation which is fundamental to support conservation studies.